Key Elements and Styles of Temple Architecture in Odisha
Trianga Bada:
The Trianga Bada is a distinctive architectural feature characterized by a three-fold structure consisting of the Pabhaga, Jangha, and Baranda. This design represents the earliest phase of the Bada portion in Odishan temples.
Panchanga Bada:
The Panchanga Bada refers to the five-fold structure found in certain Odisha temples. This architectural feature consists of five parts: the Pabhaga, Tala Jangha, Bandhana, Upara Jangha, and Baranda.
Pidha Mundi:
Pidha Mundis are decorative structures found in the Bada portion of Odishan temples, specifically designed to house sculptural figures. These structures resemble the Pidha temple style, with a stepped pyramidal design that gradually narrows as it rises. The Pidha Mundi serves as a platform for intricate sculptures, often depicting deities or mythological figures, adding to the temple’s artistic and spiritual significance.
Khakra Mundi:
Khakra Mundis serve a similar purpose to the Pidha Mundis, providing a space to house sculptural figures in Odishan temples. However, unlike the stepped pyramidal design of the Pidha Mundis, Khakra Mundis feature a distinct barrel-vaulted roof structure. This type of roofing gives the Khakra Mundi a more rounded, arch-like appearance, adding variety to the architectural elements of the temple. The design of the Khakra Mundi is both functional and decorative, contributing to the temple’s visual complexity while ensuring that the housed sculptures are protected and highlighted. This distinctive roof structure reflects the versatility of Odishan temple architecture.
Vajra Mundi:
Vajra Mundi refers to a roof or dome structure in Odishan temples that is designed to resemble the shape of a vajra, or thunderbolt, which is a symbol of divine power and strength. This unique design often features sharp, angular projections that mimic the thunderbolt’s form, emphasizing the temple's connection to divine energy and protection.
Parsvadevata:
Parsvadevata refers to the smaller shrines dedicated to subsidiary deities, typically located at the sides or corners of a temple complex. These shrines are integral in maintaining the temple’s divine harmony, with each dedicated to a different god or goddess.