Skip to main content

Nagar Style of Temple Architecture

The Nagar style of temple architecture, also known as the Nagara style, is one of the primary forms of temple architecture in India, and it is prevalent in Northern and Central India, including Odisha. However, in Odisha, this style is adapted into a distinct regional variation known as the Kalinga style or the Odishan style of temple architecture.








Fig.1

Key Features of Nagar Style in Odisha

1.    Rekha Deul:
  • The Rekha Deul is the sanctum or main shrine of the temple, characterized by a tall, curvilinear tower (shikhara) with a series of horizontal moldings, resembling a mountain peak.
  • It has a square base and rises vertically before curving inward near the top, creating a distinctive silhouette.
  • The top of the shikhara is crowned with an amalaka (a ribbed, disk-like stone) and a kalasha (a pitcher-shaped finial).
2.    Jagamohana:
  • The Jagamohana is the assembly hall or porch in front of the sanctum, typically with a pyramidal roof structure, consisting of receding steps.
  • The roof of the Jagamohana is usually lower than the Rekha Deul, and it serves as a gathering space for devotees.
  • The mandapa often has intricately carved pillars, walls, and ceilings depicting various mythological and religious themes.
3.    Nata Mandapa and Bhoga Mandapa:
  • Larger temples often include a Natya Mandapa (hall of dance) and a Bhoga Mandapa (hall of offerings), extending the complex and serving different ritualistic purposes.
4.    Sculptures:
  • Temples in this style are known for their exquisite stone carvings, depicting gods, goddesses, mythical creatures, dancers, musicians, and scenes from daily life.
  • The walls are covered with intricate reliefs, showcasing the artistic excellence of Odishan sculptors.
5.    Plan and Layout:
  • The temples typically follow a square plan for the sanctum with subsequent mandapas aligned along a single axis, emphasizing a clear progression from the entrance to the innermost sanctum.
  • The entire temple complex is often enclosed within a boundary wall with gateways (toranas).