Saptamatruka in Odisha Temple
The Saptamatrikas, also known as the Seven Mothers, are a group of deities worshipped in Hinduism, particularly in Shaktism. They are considered manifestations of the divine mother, Adi Shakti, and are often associated with the fierce aspects of the goddess. In Odisha, as in many other regions, the Saptamatrikas are venerated in temples with distinct iconographic details and are an integral part of the local religious and cultural landscape.
Iconographic Details
Brahmani:
She is depicted with four faces and four hands, holding a kamandalu (water pot), a rosary, and two lotus flowers. Her vehicle is the swan.
Figure: 1, Brahmani
Maheshwari:
Maheshwari is shown with three eyes and four hands, carrying a trident, drum, and a rosary. She rides a bull.
Figure: 2, Maheswari
Kaumari:
This deity has four hands, holding a spear, lotus, sword, and shield. Kaumari is associated with the peacock as her mount.
Figure: 3, Kaumari
Vaishnavi:
Vaishnavi is depicted with four arms, holding a conch, discus, mace, and lotus. Her mount is Garuda, the eagle.
Figure: 4, Vaishnavi
Varahi:
Varahi has the face of a boar and is often depicted with a sow, her mount. She carries a discus and a conch shell.
Figure: 5, Varahi
Indrani:
Indrani is shown riding an elephant, Airavata. She has four arms, carrying a vajra (thunderbolt), a goad, a noose, and a lotus.
Figure: 6, Indrani
Chamunda:
Chamunda is portrayed with a terrifying appearance, often standing on a corpse or seated on a jackal or owl. She wields weapons and is associated with destruction and protection.
Figure: 7, Chamunda
The Saptamatrikas are often linked to their role in assisting the goddess Durga in her battle against the demon Mahishasura. In some versions, these goddesses were created from the energies of various male deities to aid Durga in her divine mission.
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The worship of Saptamatrikas is significant in Shaktism, as they represent the diverse aspects of the feminine divine energy. These goddesses are often worshipped collectively, especially during festivals and rituals dedicated to the goddess Durga.
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